Programming Language

Nocter

A self-contained systems language built around simplicity, encapsulation, and foolproof design.

Specification GitHub

use std/io

blocking func main(): i32! {
    io.print("Hello from Nocter\n")?
    return 0
}

use std/io
use std/vec.Vec

struct Counter {
    value: i32
}

blocking func main(): i32! {
    var counters = Vec [Counter { value: 1 }, Counter { value: 2 }, Counter { value: 3 }]
    for counter in &+counters {
        counter.value += 10
    }

    var borrowed_total: i32 = 0
    for counter in &counters {
        borrowed_total += counter.value
    }

    var moved_total: i32 = 0
    for counter in move counters {
        moved_total += counter.value
    }

    let message = "borrowed: ${borrowed_total}, moved: ${moved_total}\n"
    io.print(&message)?
    return 0
}

func main(): i32 {
    let value = load_value() catch failure { fallback_for(failure.message()) }
    if value == 42 {
        return 0
    }
    return 1
}

func load_value(): i32! {
    return error.new("example.unavailable", "the primary value is unavailable")
}

func fallback_for(message: &str): i32 {
    return 42
}

use std/task
use std/time
use std/time.Duration

async func delayed(value: i32): i32 {
    await time.sleep(Duration.from_milliseconds(1))
    return value
}

async func main(): i32! {
    let (left, right) = await task.join(delayed(20), delayed(22))
    if left + right != 42 {
        return error.new("example.unexpected_total", "joined tasks returned the wrong total")
    }
    return 0
}

use std/io
use std/url.Url

blocking func main(): i32! {
    let url = Url.parse("HTTP://Example.COM:80/a/../status?q=ready#fragment")?
    let canonical = url.to_string()
    let authority = url.authority()
    let target = url.request_target()
    io.println(&canonical)?
    io.println(&authority)?
    io.println(&target)?
    return 0
}

index.nct

//! Canonical lowercase hexadecimal encoding and strict decoding.

see ./codec.nct
see ./errors.nct
see ./tests.nct

use /string.String
use /vec.Vec

/// Returns the exact encoded width for `byte_len` bytes.
pub noalloc func encoded_len(byte_len: usize): usize!

/// Returns the decoded width of a valid canonical lowercase spelling.
pub noalloc func decoded_len(text: &str): usize!

/// Encodes bytes as canonical lowercase hexadecimal text.
pub func encode(input: &[u8]): String

/// Encodes into the start of `output` and returns the written width.
///
/// Insufficient output returns `std.hex.output_too_small` without changing any byte.
pub noalloc func encode_into(input: &[u8], output: &+[u8]): usize!

/// Strictly decodes canonical lowercase hexadecimal text.
pub func decode(text: &str): Vec<u8>!

/// Strictly decodes into the start of `output` and returns the written width.
///
/// Invalid input or insufficient output leaves every output byte unchanged.
pub noalloc func decode_into(text: &str, output: &+[u8]): usize!