Programming Language

Nocter

A self-contained systems language built around simplicity, encapsulation, and foolproof design.

Specification GitHub

use std/io

func main(): i32! {
    io.print("Hello from Nocter\n")?
    return 0
}

func main(): i32 {
    let value = load_value() catch failure { fallback_for(failure.message()) }
    if value == 42 {
        return 0
    }
    return 1
}

func load_value(): i32! {
    return error.new("example.unavailable", "the primary value is unavailable")
}

func fallback_for(message: &str): i32 {
    return 42
}

use std/fmt.Format
use std/io

struct Point {
    x: i32
    y: i32
}

instance Point {
    impl Format
    method &self.try_format_into(output: &+String): void! {
        output.try_push_str("(")?
        self.x.try_format_into(output)?
        output.try_push_str(", ")?
        self.y.try_format_into(output)?
        output.try_push_str(")")?
        return
    }
}

func main(): i32! {
    let point = Point { x: 3, y: 4 }
    let message = "point = ${point}\n"
    io.print(&message)?
    return 0
}

use std/io
use std/vec.Vec

struct Point {
    x: i32
    y: i32
}

instance Point {
    operator (&self == other: &Self): bool {
        return self.x == other.x && self.y == other.y
    }
}

func main(): i32! {
    let first = Point { x: 3, y: 4 }
    let same = Point { x: 3, y: 4 }
    let other = Point { x: 5, y: 6 }
    if first != same || first == other {
        return 1
    }
    let points = Vec [move first, move other]
    if points[0] != same {
        return 1
    }
    var values = Vec [1, 2, 3]
    values[1] = 4
    if values[0] + values[1] + values[2] != 8 {
        return 1
    }
    io.print("equality found the point\n")?
    return 0
}

struct Buffer {
    values: [i32; 3]
}

instance Buffer {
    operator (&self[index: usize]): &i32 {
        return &self.values[index]
    }

    operator (&+self[index: usize]): &+i32 {
        return &+self.values[index]
    }
}

func at<C>(container: &C, index: usize): i32 where (&C[usize]): &i32 {
    return container[index]
}

func main(): i32 {
    var buffer = Buffer { values: [3, 4, 5] }
    buffer[1] = 9
    if at(&buffer, 1) != 9 {
        return 1
    }
    return 0
}

/std/path/index.nct

index.nct

//! Owned UTF-8 filesystem paths.
//!
//! Darwin permits non-UTF-8 path bytes. This type deliberately promises UTF-8
//! instead of misrepresenting every platform path as text.

see ./utf8_path.nct
see ./lexical.nct
see ./tests.nct

/// An owning path whose complete byte spelling is well-formed UTF-8.
pub struct Utf8Path

construct Utf8Path {
    /// Validates and copies one UTF-8 path spelling.
    pub func new(value: &str): Self!
}

instance Utf8Path {
    /// Exposes the validated UTF-8 path text without transferring ownership.
    pub coerce &self as &str

    /// Returns whether the path begins at the filesystem root.
    pub noalloc method &self.is_absolute(): bool

    /// Returns the lexical parent spelling without accessing the filesystem.
    pub noalloc method &self.parent(): &str?

    /// Returns the final nonempty lexical component.
    pub noalloc method &self.file_name(): &str?

    /// Returns the final component without its recognized extension.
    pub noalloc method &self.file_stem(): &str?

    /// Returns the recognized nonempty extension without its preceding dot.
    pub noalloc method &self.extension(): &str?

    /// Joins a relative child path and returns a validated owning result.
    pub method &self.join(child: &str): Utf8Path!
}

/// Validates one UTF-8 path spelling without constructing an owning path.
pub noalloc func validate(value: &str): void!